Stencil-sheet.



UNITED .STATES Parana OFFICE.

LOUIS-E. FULLER, or NEW YORK, N. r, ASSIGNOR To A. 13. men COMPANY, orCHICAGO, rumors, A-CORPORATION or rumors STENCIL-SHEET.

No Drawing. v

tain new and useful Improvements in Stenoil-Sheets, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to stencil-sheets suitable for use, for example, inaddressingor duplicating-machines, for the production of multiple copiesof written or typewrittenmatter, diagrams, etc. Heretofore suchstencil-sheetsv have been made largely of coagulated protein, and these,before being stencilized, have been moistened to soften or otherwiseaffect the coated surface to thereby facilitate the stencilizingoperation. The object of the presentinvention is to produce astencil-sheet which shall be normallyimpervious to ink, which ,may bestencilized Without preliminary. moistening, and which .shall be usablethroughout an extended period of time after its preparation.

I shall describe herein preferred methods of practising my invention,without, however, limiting myself thereto, said invention being capableof utilization in different ways, involving substantial variation.

lmpm'mz's, I preferto'employ, as the base or foundation of a stencilsheet employing.

my invention, a sheet 'of open porous material, such, for example, asthe Japanese paper now in common use and known as Yoshino, this beingadmirably adapted to take up and hold the solution and to coacttherewith in the operation-of stencilizing.

For convenience, Ifirst proceed to pre pare what -is termed hereinsynthetic resin ortphenol resin, z. e., a condensation product 0 phenoland formaldehyde; In doing this, I preferably add eight parts of 40%formaldehyde to ten parts of commercial white distilled phenol. This Idissolve by meansof gentle heat, such as a water-bath. Then ten parts of15% hydrochloricacid are added, preferably in small portions at a time.After the reaction (which is somewhat violent), it is vdesirablethat'the material be kneaded with warm water to remove the acids so faras possible. The precipitated resin is then warmed on the watersbathuntil-glass-clearfto drive Specification of Letters Patent. Applicationfiled February 12,1915, Serial No. 78,044.

' if desired j Patented Oct. 23, 1917,

ofl all moisture and remaining acids. I

thus produce what I shall refer to herein as synthetlc resin or resin.

.I nextproceed to convert pure glycerin into .what will be termed forthe purpose of this disclosure 'polyglycerol. In doing this, I'heat pureglycerin under a reflux condenser to about 240 centigrade, prolonglngthis operation for from sixto ten hours. The resultlng material ispartly polyglycerol and partly pure glycerin, is

Said material,

such as denatured or. wood alcohol, may be i employed for treating theYoshino sheet in the usual manner; that is to say fifty'parts' of thedried resin may be dissolved in fifty parts of denatured or woodalcohol, and an amount of the poly'glycerol is added sulficient toproduce a solution which, when the Yoshino sheet is treated therewith,will be sufficiently soft to permit 'stencilization and yet suflicientlyhard to be durable and capable of convenient manipulation. The

. precise amount of polyglycerol to beadded will depend to considerableextent upon the characteristics of the particular lot of resin employed,this being due to the fact that the density of the resin is dependent onthe temperature, the rapidity of. the reaction, the strength ofthe acidused asa condensing agent, and the speed with which such agent is added.Generally speaking,

it will be found that about one-half part of polyglycerolto one partofresin will produce satisfactory results. If the solution, after thesheet 1 has been treated thereby, proves too sticky, a small amount ofcalcium carbonate may be added to the solution, and the whole passedthrough a paint mill. I i

The solution as above described, at ordinary room temperature, may beplaced ina shallow pan,- preferably provided with the usual rod forremoving excess solution,

and a'Yoshino sheet may be brought into contact with such solution firstnear its forward edge and then drawn over said rodso that the solutionmay be evenly applied this has been done, the sheet may be exposed Astencil-sheet treated as'hereinbefore'deto the action of the air for asufiicient length scribed may be stencilized in the well known of timeto dry it, after which it may be manner, such, for example, as bypassing stencilized in the usual manner. it into a writing-machine incombination Instead of employing the polyglycerol and with a backing,preferably of' firm hard- 0 resin as practically the only important andsurfaced paper,v the ribbon of the machine essential ingredients of mysolution as above being removed and the type impinging di-' indicated, Imay combine the same to adrectly upon the surface of the stencil-sheet,vantage with other ingredients to produce If desirable for the purposeof obtaining 9 a solution adapted for the same use. In broader lines inthe type characters, a sheet such solution, in addition to the resin andof'bolting-cloth may be inserted between the polyglycerol, I employ allor certain of the stencil-sheet and the backing. After stenfollowingingredients, to wit:glue, water, ciliza'tion in the manner suggested,the sheet alcoholj (preferably, denatured), alizarin oil, may be usedfor theiproduction of multiple 15 a. suitably fatty acid," such, forinstance, as copies in any suitable duplicator. pure oleic acid, and ahardening agent, such, 'H vmg thu scribed my invention, for exa ple, asformald hyd whi h acts what I claim as new therein and desire to toharden the solution and also tends to presecure by Letters Patent is asfollows:- serve the oils and fats therein from ran- 1. A stencil blankcomprising a sheet of 2a eidity. fibrous material of loose open'texture,im-

In making up this solution, I take a glue p eg a d Wi h compositionincluding a or gelatin of substantial jelly strength, p ol e in and ahygroscopic substance, such, for example, as that commerciallysubstantially as set forth. known as No. 1 hide glue, ground to 2. Astencil blank comprising a sheet of 25 reasonably fine particles, andwith about fibrous material of loose open texture, imtwelve gramsthereof I combine about thirtypregnated with a composition comprising asix grams of water. I then add to the sophenol resin, substantially asset forth. lution about forty-two grams of alizarin oil. 3'. A stencilblank comprising a sheet of (If the alizarin oil be found to containsubfibrous material of loose open texture, im-

eo stantially less than fifty per cent. fat, the pregnated with acomposition including proportion thereof should be slightly inresin andcomplex tri-hydr'ic alcohol, subcreased, as for example, to forty fiveor fifty stantlally as set forth. 7 grams.) .1 then add to the solutionabout. 4. A stencil blank comprising a\sheet of thirty grams of pureoleic acid and six fibrous material of loose open texture, im- 35 gramsof polyglycero regnated with a hygroscopic composition At this point Iprefer to agitate well the including a resin, substantially as setforth. container in which the solution as thus made 5. A stencil blankcomprising a sheet of up has been compounded, and then Warm fibrousmaterial of loose open texture, im-

it in a water-bath at about 190 to 200, F. pregnated with com lextri-hydric alcohol,

9 As a result of this warming treatment, the substantially as set orth.

' glue becomes swollen and a homogeneous 6. A stencil blank comprising asheet of mixture is formed. fibrous material of loose open texture, im-I then add about twelve-grams of a 33% pregnated with a compositionincluding a solution of the synthetic resin hereinbefore resin and acolloidal substance, substantially 45 referredto, in denaturedalc0ho1'(i. e., syn-- as set forth. no thetic resin 33%%, denaturedalcohol 66%%). 7. A stencil blank comprising a sheet of I then add tothe solution six grams of comfibrous material of loose open texture,immercial formaldehyde", and again subject the pregnated with acomposition including a solutionas a whole to the action of the wa-V lll stance, and polyglycerol, sub- 50 tor-bath, removing it..-'therefromand agistantially as set forth. 7 tating slightly from time to time,until all 8. A stencil blank comprising a sheet of ofth i redi t h b otho ughl fibrous materlal of loose open texture, immixed and thecompound as thus finally pregnated with a composition including a madeup is homogeneous. coagulated colloid and polyglycerol, substan- 55 Atthis point, it may be remarked that tially asset forth. o

the solution should, of course, be free from v A Stencil blank compriing 51 Sheet of all impurities andeven from bubbles or fi ro m oriab ofloose open texture, imfoam, the' latter being either allowed topregnatedwith a composition including a. evaporate or being disposed ofby the addiresin and polyglycerol, substantially as set 60 tionto thesolution of a few drops of ether. forth. r y

" After this shall have been done, the solution A n il bl n consistingof a sheet is ready for application to the basic fabric f r s materialof loose open texture, imof which the sheet is composed, and this may pgnated, with a composition including be accomplished in the mannerhereinbefore resin, polyglycerol and a colloidal sub-' 65 mdlcated.stance,.substantially as set forth. 130

11. A stencil blank consisting of. a sheet of fibrous material of looseopen texture, im-

pregnated with a composition including resin, oleic acid and a colloidalsubstance,

substantially as set forth.

resin, poly glycerol, oleic acid and a colloidal substance,substantially as set forth.v

1%. A stencil blank consisting of a sheet of fibrous material of looseopen texture,

impregnated with a composition including a resin and a coagulatedcolloidal substance,

substantially as set forth.

15. A stencil blank consisting of a sheet of fibrous material treatedwith a solution,

including polyglycerol, a colloidalsubstance and a hardening agent,substantially as set forth.

, 16. A stencil blank consisting of a sheet of fibrous material treatedwith a solution .including resin, polyglycerol, a colloidal substanceand a hardening agent, substantially as set forth.

17. A stencil blank consisting of a, sheet 7 Y Witnesses of fibrousmaterial treated with a solution including resin, polyglycerol, acolloidal substance, oleic acid and a hardening agent, substantially asset forth.

18. A stencil blank consisting of a sheet of fibrous material treatedwith a solution including resin, polyglycerol, a colloidal substance,oleic acid, alizarin oil and a hardening agent, substantially as setforth.

19. A stencil blank consisting of a sheet of fibrous material treatedwith a solution including resin, polyglycerol, a colloidal substance,oleic acid, alizarin oil, and formaldehyde, substantially as set forth.

20. A stencil blank consisting of a sheet of fibrous material treatedwith a solution including resin, polyglycerol, a colloidal substance,oleic acid, alizarin oil, formaldehyde and alcohol, substantially as setforth.

21. A stencil blank consistingof a sheet of fibrous material treatedwith a solutionincluding resin, polyglycerol," a colloidal substance,oleic acid, alizarin oil,-formaldehyde, alcohol, and water,substantially as set forth.

This specification signed and witnessed this 24th day of December, 1915.

. LOUIS FULLER.

S. O, EnMoNns, I. :MCINTOSH.

